Chapter 1
1. The Core AM Industry
1.1. The core AM industry (hardware, materials, services)
1.2. A quick definition of AM technology
1.3. Software for additive manufacturing
1.4. The end-to-end additive manufacturing workflow
1.5. Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM)
1.6. Key trends
1.7. Benefits and limitations of AM
1.7.1. Benefits and limitations by material type
1.8. Intro to AM applications
1.9. AM vs global manufacturing
1.10. Key AM industry players
1.10.1. Five key polymer AM companies
1.10.2. Five key metal AM companies
1.10.3. Five key ceramic AM companies
1.11. Methodology and other VoxelMatters reports
1.12. State of the market
1.12.1. Total AM market revenues 2023 vs. 2024 by segment (hardware, materials, services)
1.12.2. Total AM market revenues 2023 vs. 2024 by material (polymer, metal, ceramics)
1.12.3. Forecast of total AM market revenues 2024–2034 by segment (hardware, materials, services)
1.12.4. Forecast of total AM market revenues 2024–2034 by segment (polymer, metal, ceramics)
Chapter 2
2. Hardware
2.1. Intro to AM hardware
2.2. State of the AM hardware market in 2023 vs. 2024
2.3. AM hardware unit sales 2023 vs. 2024 by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic)
2.4. AM hardware unit sales 2023 vs. 2024 by price segment
2.5. AM hardware revenue 2023 vs. 2024 by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic)
2.6. AM hardware revenue 2023 vs. 2024 by price segment
2.7. AM hardware unit installed base 2023 vs. 2024 by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic)
2.8. AM hardware unit installed base 2023 vs. 2024 by price segment
2.9. Forecast of AM hardware unit sales 2024–2034 by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic)
2.10. Forecast of AM hardware revenue 2024–2034 by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic)
2.11. Polymer AM hardware
2.11.1. Overview of polymer AM hardware
2.11.2. General evolutionary trends for polymer AM hardware
2.11.3. Vat photopolymerization – VPP
2.11.3.1. VPP-specific key evolutionary trends
2.11.3.2. Laser stereolithography (SLA)
2.11.3.3. Digital Light Processing stereolithography (DLP)
2.11.3.4. LED/LCD stereolithography
2.11.3.5. Continuous DLP stereolithography / high-speed vat photopolymerization
2.11.3.6. 2PP and µSLA/µDLP
2.11.3.7. Low Force Stereolithography (LFS) and PSLA
2.11.3.8. Formlabs LFS
2.11.3.9. 3D Systems PSLA
2.11.3.10. Axtra3D Hybrid PhotoSynthesis (HPS)
2.11.4. Material extrusion – MEX
2.11.4.1. Filament extrusion
2.11.4.2. Fused Deposition Modeling
2.11.4.3. Fused filament fabrication
2.11.4.4. Pellet material extrusion
2.11.4.5. Large format additive manufacturing (LFAM)
2.11.4.6. Fused granular fabrication
2.11.4.7. Robotic extrusion
2.11.4.8. Pneumatic extrusion
2.11.4.9. Polyurethane
2.11.5. Powder bed fusion
2.11.5.1. Laser PBF or selective laser sintering (SLS)
2.11.5.2. Western companies
2.11.5.3. Entry-level “benchtop” SLS
2.11.5.4. Rise of Chinese SLS companies
2.11.5.5. Thermal PBF
2.11.6. Material jetting (MJ)
2.11.6.1. Application-specific material jetting technologies
2.11.6.2. Electronics (AME)
2.11.7. Other notable polymer AM technologies
2.11.7.1. Voxeljet: Too big to miss PMMA binder jetting
2.11.7.2. Massivit GDP: A big one of a kind
2.11.8. State of the polymer AM hardware market in 2024
2.11.9. Polymer AM hardware unit sales and revenue analysis 2024
2.12. Metal AM hardware
2.12.1. Overview of metal AM hardware technologies
2.12.2. Metal PBF technologies
2.12.2.1. Laser metal PBF (L-PBF or SLM)
2.12.2.2. EBM metal PBF (EB-PBF)
2.12.3. Metal DED technologies
2.12.3.1. Powder metal laser DED (L-DED)
2.12.3.2. Wire metal DED (WAAM, EBAM, RPD)
2.12.4. Sinter-based technologies
2.12.4.1. Metal binder jetting (M-BJP)
2.12.4.2. Metal material jetting (MJ)
2.12.4.3. Bound metal extrusion and stereolithography
2.12.5. Consolidation technologies
2.12.5.1. Kinetic consolidation (cold spray)
2.12.5.2. Friction consolidation (friction stir welding)
2.12.5.3. Ultrasound consolidation
2.12.6. State of the metal AM hardware market in 2024
2.12.7. Metal AM hardware unit sales and revenue analysis 2024
2.13. Technical ceramic AM hardware
2.13.1. Overview of technical ceramic AM hardware technologies
2.13.2. Stereolithography
2.13.3. Binder jetting
2.13.4. FAST-SPS Sintering
2.13.5. Material extrusion
2.13.6. Paste deposition/extrusion technologies
2.13.7. Material jetting
2.13.8. Other technologies (Screen Printing, SLRS)
2.13.9. State of the technical ceramic AM hardware market in 2024
2.13.10. Technical ceramic AM hardware unit sales and revenue analysis 2024
Chapter 3
3. Materials
3.1. Intro to AM materials
3.2. State of the AM materials market in 2023 vs. 2024
3.3. Materials volume (tonnes) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic)
3.4. AM materials volume by material and material form
3.5. AM materials revenues by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic)
3.6. Forecast of AM materials volume 2024–2034 by material segments
3.7. Forecast of AM materials revenue 2024–2034 by material segments
3.8. Polymer AM materials
3.8.1. Overview of available polymer AM materials
3.8.2. Difference between amorphous and crystalline polymers
3.8.3. Thermoplastic filaments and pellets for extrusion 3D printing
3.8.3.1. ABS, PLA, Nylon
3.8.3.2. PAEK (PEEK, PEKK)
3.8.3.3. PEI (ULTEM)
3.8.3.4. PET/PETG
3.8.3.5. Polypropylene
3.8.3.6. TPU/TPE and elastomers
3.8.3.7. Polycarbonate
3.8.3.8. Polysulfones
3.8.4. Other relevant materials and support filaments
3.8.5. Thermoplastic powders for polymer PBF
3.8.5.1. Nylon 11, 12, and composites
3.8.5.2. Elastomers and polypropylene for PBF
3.8.5.3. PAEK for PBF
3.8.6. Photopolymers
3.8.6.1. SLA, DLP, LCD materials
3.8.6.2. Dental, transparent, flexible, and high-temp resins
3.8.6.3. Photopolymers for material jetting
3.8.7. Silicone and polyurethane for 3D printing
3.8.8. State of the polymer AM materials market 2024
3.8.9. Polymer AM material volume and revenue analysis 2024
3.9. Metal AM materials
3.9.1. Metal powders and atomization techniques
3.9.1.1. Water, gas, plasma, ultrasonic, centrifugal
3.9.2. Common metal powder families
3.9.2.1. Steels, titanium, aluminum
3.9.2.2. Nickel, cobalt, copper, refractory and precious metals
3.9.3. Metal wire feedstocks and applications
3.9.4. Bound metal feedstocks (pellets, filaments, slurries)
3.9.5. State of the metal AM materials market in 2024
3.9.6. Metal AM material volume and revenue analysis 2024
3.10. Technical ceramic AM materials
3.10.1. Overview of ceramic slurries, powders, filaments
3.10.2. Nanoparticles for material jetting
3.10.3. Key material types
3.10.3.1. Oxide ceramics
3.10.3.2. Silicates and technical silica
3.10.3.3. Non-oxide ceramics (SiC, Si₃N₄, B₄C)
3.10.3.4. Bioceramics (TCP, hydroxyapatite)
3.10.4. State of the technical ceramic AM material market in 2024
3.10.5. Technical ceramic AM material volume and revenue analysis 2024
Chapter 4
4. Services
4.1. Intro to AM services
4.2. Design and rapid prototyping services
4.3. Specialized SME AM service providers
4.4. Large AM service providers and AM factories (over 10 AM systems)
4.5. AM networks
4.6. Contract manufacturers
4.7. AM material manufacturers offering AM services
4.8. AM hardware providers offering production services
4.9. Vertical AM part suppliers
4.10. State of the AM services market 2023 vs. 2024
4.10.1. Part units produced by AM services 2023 vs. 2024
4.10.2. Revenues generated by AM services 2023 vs. 2024
4.11. Forecast of AM services production and revenue 2024–2034
4.11.1. Part production by material segment
4.11.2. Revenue forecast by material segment
4.12. Polymer AM services
4.12.1. Types of polymer AM service providers
4.12.1.1. Pure player service bureaus
4.12.1.2. Rapid prototyping with production
4.12.1.3. Specialized SMEs
4.12.1.4. Filament extrusion printer farms
4.12.1.5. Large services and factories
4.12.1.6. Contract manufacturers
4.12.1.7. AM material/hardware providers offering services
4.12.2. Polymer AM workflows
4.12.2.1. Design automation
4.12.2.2. Digital Twins and Digital Warehousing
4.12.2.3. Material and process automation
4.12.2.4. Workflow management and MES
4.12.2.5. Post-processing automation
4.12.3. State of the polymer AM services market in 2024
4.12.3.1. Number of parts produced
4.12.3.2. Revenues generated
4.13. Metal AM services
4.13.1. Types of metal AM service providers
4.13.1.1. Design and prototyping (1–3 systems)
4.13.1.2. Specialized SMEs (3–10 systems)
4.13.1.3. Large providers and AM factories
4.13.1.4. AM networks and contract manufacturers
4.13.2. Metal AM workflows
4.13.2.1. Software (CAD, DfAM, CAE, FEA, MES)
4.13.2.2. Workflow automation and part inspection
4.13.2.3. Thermal/post-processing steps
4.13.3. State of the metal AM service market in 2024
4.13.3.1. Number of parts produced
4.13.3.2. Revenues generated
4.14. Technical ceramic AM services
4.14.1. Types of ceramic AM service providers
4.14.1.1. Hardware/material providers offering services
4.14.1.2. Specialized service providers
4.14.1.3. Medical and dental ceramic service providers
4.14.2. Technical ceramic AM workflows
4.14.2.1. DfAM and part building
4.14.2.2. Cleaning, debinding, sintering
4.14.3. State of the technical ceramic AM service market in 2024
4.14.3.1. Number of parts produced
4.14.3.2. Revenues generated
Table of Figures
Chapter 1
Figure 1. The core AM industry
Figure 2. Total AM market revenues (USD M by segment (hardware, materials, services) 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 3. Total AM market revenues (USD M) by material (polymer, metal, ceramics) 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 4. Total AM market revenues (USD M) by segment (hardware, materials, services) 2024–2034
Chapter 2
Figure 5. Top hardware companies in 2024
Figure 6. AM hardware unit sales by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 7. AM hardware unit sales by price segment 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 8. AM hardware revenue (USD M) by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 9. AM hardware revenue (USD M) by price segment 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 10. AM hardware unit installed base by material segments (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 11. AM hardware unit installed base by price segment 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 12. AM hardware unit sales (thousands) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2024–2034
Figure 13. AM hardware revenue (USD M) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2024–2034
Figure 14. Timeline for the introduction of polymer AM technologies
Figure 15. Map of major polymer AM technologies
Figure 16. Table of key players and systems in SLA stereolithography
Figure 17. Table of key players and systems in DLP stereolithography
Figure 18. Table of key players and systems in LED/LCD stereolithography
Figure 19. Table of key players and systems in continuous DLP
Figure 20. Table of key players and systems in Micro VPP
Figure 21. Key Vendors and Systems of Filament Extrusion Hardware
Figure 22. Table of key players and systems in LFAM Material Extrusion
Figure 23. Table of key players and systems in pneumatic extrusion
Figure 24. Table of key players and systems in SLS
Figure 25. Table of key players and systems in thermal PBF
Figure 26. Table of key players and systems in material jetting
Figure 27. Table of key players and systems in application-specific material jetting
Figure 28. Top 10 polymer hardware companies by unit sales in 2024
Figure 29. Polymer AM hardware unit sales analysis 2024 by technology
Figure 30. Polymer AM hardware unit sales analysis 2024 by price segment
Figure 31. Top 10 Polymer hardware companies by unit sales in 2024
Figure 32. Polymer AM hardware revenues analysis 2024 by technology.
Figure 33. Polymer AM Hardware revenue analysis 2024 by price segment
Figure 34. Top 10 polymer AM companies by installed base 2024
Figure 35. Polymer AM hardware unit installed base analysis 2024 by technology
Figure 36. Hardware installed base analysis 2024 by price segment
Figure 37. Major metal AM technologies
Figure 38. Key benefits and challenges of L-PBF technology
Figure 39. Table of key players and systems in L-PBF
Figure 40. Key benefits and challenges of EBM technology
Figure 41. Table of key players and systems in EB-PBF
Figure 42. Key benefits and challenges of L-DED technology
Figure 43. Table of key players and systems in powder metal L-DED
Figure 44. Key benefits and challenges of Wire DED technologies
Figure 45. Table of key players and systems in wire metal DED
Figure 46. Key benefits and challenges in metal binder jetting
Figure 47. Table of key players and systems in metal binder jetting
Figure 48. Key benefits and challenges of bound metal material extrusion
Figure 49. Table of key players and systems in bound metal material extrusion
Figure 50. Key benefits of metal consolidation technologies
Figure 51. Table of key players and systems in kinetic consolidation (cold spray)
Figure 52. Top 10 metal hardware companies by unit sales in 2024
Figure 53. Metal AM hardware unit sales analysis 2024 by technology
Figure 54. Metal AM hardware unit sales analysis 2024 by price segment
Figure 55. Top 10 metal hardware companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 56. Metal AM hardware revenue (USD M) analysis 2024 by technology
Figure 57. Metal AM hardware revenue (USD M) analysis 2024 by price segment
Figure 58. Top 10 metal hardware companies by unit installed base in 2024
Figure 59. Metal AM hardware unit installed base analysis 2024 by technology
Figure 60. Metal AM hardware unit installed base analysis 2024 by price segment
Figure 61. Benefits and challenges of SLA technology for technical ceramics
Figure 62. Key players and systems in SLA stereolithography
Figure 63. Benefits and challenges of DLP technology for technical ceramics
Figure 64. Key players and systems in DLP stereolithography subcategory
Figure 65. Benefits and challenges of binder jetting technology for technical ceramics
Figure 66. Key players and systems in binder jetting
Figure 67. Benefits and challenges of bound filament technology for technical ceramics
Figure 68. Key players and systems in bound filament extrusion
Figure 69. Benefits and challenges of material jetting technology for technical ceramics
Figure 70. Top 10 hardware companies by unit sales in 2024
Figure 71. Ceramic hardware unit sales in 2024 by technology
Figure 72. Ceramic hardware unit sales in 2024 by price segment
Figure 73. Top 10 hardware companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 74. Ceramic hardware revenue (USD M) generated in 2024 by technology
Figure 75. Ceramic hardware revenue (USD M) generated in 2024 by price segment
Figure 76. Top 10 hardware companies by unit installed base in 2024
Figure 77. Ceramic hardware unit installed base as of 2024 by technology
Figure 78. Ceramic hardware unit installed base as of 2024 by price segment
Chapter 3
Figure 79. Top materials companies in 2024
Figure 80. Materials volume (tonnes) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 81. AM materials volume (tonnes) by material and material form 2023 vs 2024
Figure 82. Materials revenue (USD M) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic)
Figure 83. AM materials revenue (USD M) by material and material form 2023 vs 2024
Figure 84. AM materials volume (tonnes) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2024–2034
Figure 85. AM materials revenue (USD M) by material segment (polymer, metal, ceramic) 2024–2034
Figure 86. Map of polymer AM material types and forms by technology and applications
Figure 87. Characteristics of common thermoplastic polymers that have known uses in 3D printing
Figure 88. ABS filament products
Figure 89. ABS pellet products
Figure 90. PLA filament products
Figure 91. PLA pellet products
Figure 92. Polyamide (nylon) filament products
Figure 93. Polyamide (nylon) pellet products
Figure 94. PEEK and PEKK filament products
Figure 95. PEEK and PEKK pellet products
Figure 96. ULTEM filament products
Figure 97. ULTEM pellet products
Figure 98. PET and PETG filament products
Figure 99. PET and PETG pellet products
Figure 100. Polypropylene filament products
Figure 101. Polypropylene pellet products
Figure 102. Elastomer filament products
Figure 103. Elastomer pellet products
Figure 104. Polycarbonate filament products
Figure 105. Polycarbonate pellet products
Figure 106. Polysulfones filament products
Figure 107. Polysulfones pellet products
Figure 108. Neat nylon 12 powder products for L-PBF
Figure 109. Neat nylon 12 powder products for thermal PBF
Figure 110. Neat nylon 11 powder products for L-PBF
Figure 111. Neat nylon 11 powder products for thermal PBF
Figure 112. Nylon 12 and nylon 11 composite powder products for PBF
Figure 113. Neat and composite nylon 11 powder products for PBF
Figure 114. Elastomer powder products for PBF
Figure 115. Polypropylene powder products for PBF
Figure 116. PAEK powder products for PBF
Figure 117. Other relevant powder products for PBF
Figure 118. Wax products for material jetting
Figure 119. Modeling resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 120. Castable resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 121. First-party tough, rigid and durable resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 122. Third-party tough, rigid and durable resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 123. First-party high-temperature resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 124. Third-party high-temperature and dielectric resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 125. Transparent and biomedical resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 126. Flexible resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 127. Dental-specific resins for vat photopolymerization
Figure 128. Modeling resins for material jetting
Figure 129. Tough, rigid and durable resins for material jetting
Figure 130. High-temperature resistant and dielectric resins for material jetting
Figure 131. Transparent and biomedical resins for material jetting
Figure 132. Flexible resins for material jetting
Figure 133. Dental resins for material jetting
Figure 134. Urethane-based resins for AM
Figure 135. Epoxy-based resins for AM
Figure 136. Silicone-based resins for AM
Figure 137. Resins for high-speed photopolymerization
Figure 138. Silicone products for material extrusion
Figure 139. Polyurethane products for material extrusion
Figure 140. Top 10 polymer material companies by volume 2024
Figure 141. Polymer AM material volume (tonnes) analysis 2024 by material form
Figure 142. Top 10 polymer AM companies by revenue 2024
Figure 143. Polymer AM material revenue (USD M) analysis 2024 by material form
Figure 144. Steel alloy powder products for AM
Figure 145. Titanium alloy powder products for AM
Figure 146. Aluminum alloy powder products for AM
Figure 147. Nickel superalloy powder products for AM
Figure 148. Cobalt-chromium alloy powder products for AM
Figure 149. Copper alloy powder products for AM
Figure 150. Refractory metal alloy powder products for AM
Figure 151. Precious metal powder products for AM
Figure 152. Amorphous metal powder products for AM
Figure 153. Metal wire products qualified for AM processes
Figure 154. Steel wire products qualified for AM processes
Figure 155. Titanium wire products qualified for AM processes
Figure 156. Aluminum wire products qualified for AM processes
Figure 157. Nickel alloy wire products qualified for AM processes
Figure 158. Cobalt and copper alloy, precious and refractory metal wire qualified for AM processes
Figure 159. Bound metal filament materials for bound metal filament material extrusion
Figure 160. Bound metal paste materials and products qualified for bound metal paste material extrusion
Figure 161. Bound metal slurry materials and products qualified for bound metal VPP
Figure 162. Bound metal slurry materials and products qualified for bound metal SLS
Figure 163. Top 10 metal material companies by volume in 2024
Figure 164. Top 10 metal materials by volume in 2024
Figure 165. Metal AM material volume (tonnes) analysis 2024 by material form
Figure 166. Top 10 metal material companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 167. Top 10 materials by revenue in 2024
Figure 168. Metal AM material revenue (USD M) analysis 2024 by material form
Figure 169. Table of technical ceramic AM material types and forms
Figure 170. Table of commercially available products
Figure 171. Table of commercially available products
Figure 172. Table of commercially available products
Figure 173. Common oxide ceramics commercially available for AM
Figure 174. Common non-oxide ceramics commercially available for AM
Figure 175. Common calcium-based bioceramics commercially available for AM
Figure 176. Top 10 technical ceramic material companies by volume in 2024
Figure 177. Top 10 materials by volume in 2024
Figure 178. Technical ceramic AM material volume (tonnes) analysis 2024 by material form
Figure 179. Top 10 technical ceramic material companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 180. Top 10 materials by revenue in 2024
Figure 181. Technical ceramic AM material revenue (USD M) analysis 2024 by material form
Chapter 4
Figure 182. Top service bureaus in 2024
Figure 183. Number of parts (thousands) produced by AM services by material segment 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 184. Revenues (USD M) generated by AM services by material segment 2023 vs. 2024
Figure 185. Number of AM service parts produced (thousands) by material segment, 2024–2034
Figure 186. AM services revenue (USD M) by material segment, 2024–2034
Figure 187. Top 10 polymer AM service companies by number of parts produced in 2024
Figure 188. Number of parts (thousands) produced by polymer AM services 2024 by technology
Figure 189. Number of parts (thousands) produced by polymer AM services 2024 by part type
Figure 190. Top 10 polymer AM service companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 191. Revenue generated by polymer AM services 2024 by technology
Figure 192. Revenue generated by polymer AM services 2024 by part type
Figure 193. List of leading commercially available third-party software used in metal AM
Figure 194. Top 10 metal AM service companies by number of parts produced in 2024
Figure 195. Number of parts produced by metal AM services 2024 by technology
Figure 196. Number of parts produced by metal AM services 2024 by part type
Figure 197. Top 10 metal AM service companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 198. Revenue generated by metal AM services 2024 by technology
Figure 199. Revenue generated by metal AM services 2024 by part type
Figure 200. Top 10 technical ceramic AM service companies by number of parts produced in 2024
Figure 201. Number of parts produced by technical ceramic AM services by technology in 2024
Figure 202. Number of parts produced by technical ceramic AM services by part type in 2024
Figure 203. Top 10 technical ceramic AM service companies by revenue in 2024
Figure 204. Revenue (USD M) generated by technical ceramic AM services by technology in 2024
Figure 205. Revenue (USD M) generated by technical ceramic AM services by part type in 2024